Muni's PlayDN 2: Samannyaphala Sutta (The Fruits of Recluseship)
NOTE
The original source of this sutra is in Pali. The Sanskrit translations provided here are selected excerpts converted for personal study.
1. Questions on the Fruits of Recluseship (श्रामण्यफलप्रश्नाः)
1.1. The Question to the Buddha (बुद्धाय प्रश्नः)
Sanskrit
शक्यं नु खलु, भदन्त, एवमेव दृष्ट एव धर्मे सांदृष्टिकं श्रामण्यफलं प्रज्ञापयितुमिति?
Translation
“Is it possible, venerable sir, to point out any visible fruit of recluseship in this very life, like this?“
1.2. The Answer of Purana Kassapa - Inaction (पूरणकश्यपस्य अक्रियावादः)
Sanskrit
इत्थं खलु मे, भदन्त, पूरणः कश्यपः सांदृष्टिकं श्रामण्यफलं पृष्टः सन् अक्रियां व्याकरोत्।
Translation
“Venerable sir, when Purana Kassapa was asked about a visible fruit of recluseship, he explained non-action (inaction).“
1.3. The Answer of Makkhali Gosala - Purification by Rebirth (मस्करीगोशालस्य संसारशुद्धिः)
Sanskrit
इत्थं खलु मे, भदन्त, मस्करी गोशालः सांदृष्टिकं श्रामण्यफलं पृष्टः सन् संसारशुद्धिं व्याकरोत्।
Translation
“Venerable sir, when Makkhali Gosala was asked about a visible fruit of recluseship, he explained purification through rebirth (transmigration).“
1.4. The Answer of Ajita Kesakambala - Annihilationism (अजितकेशकम्बलस्य उच्छेदवादः)
Sanskrit
इत्थं खलु मे, भदन्त, अजितः केशकम्बलः सांदृष्टिकं श्रामण्यफलं पृष्टः सन् उच्छेदं व्याकरोत्।
Translation
“Venerable sir, when Ajita Kesakambala was asked about a visible fruit of recluseship, he explained annihilationism.”
2. Fruits of Recluseship (श्रामण्यफलम्)
2.1. First Visible Fruit of Recluseship (प्रथमं सांदृष्टिकश्रामण्यफलम्)
Sanskrit
यन्नूनाहं केश्मश्रूणि अवतार्य काषायाणि वस्त्राणि आच्छाद्य अगारात् अनगारिकां प्रव्रजेयमिति।
Translation
“‘What if I were to shave off my hair and beard, put on saffron robes, and go forth from the home life into homelessness?‘”
Sanskrit
स एवं प्रव्रजितः सन् कायेन संवृतो विहरेत्, वाचा संवृतो विहरेत्, मनसा संवृतो विहरेत्, ग्रासाच्छादनपरमतया सन्तुष्टः, अभिरतः प्रविवेके।
Translation
“Having thus gone forth, he would dwell restrained in body, restrained in speech, and restrained in mind, content with the simplest food and shelter, delighting in solitude.”
2.2. Second Visible Fruit of Recluseship (द्वितीयं सांदृष्टिकश्रामण्यफलम्)
Sanskrit
स अपरेण समयेन अल्पं वा भोगस्कन्धं प्रहाय महान्तं वा भोगस्कन्धं प्रहाय, अल्पं वा ज्ञातिपरिवर्तं प्रहाय महान्तं वा ज्ञातिपरिवर्तं प्रहाय केश्मश्रूणि अवतार्य काषायाणि वस्त्राणि आच्छाद्य अगारात् अनगारिकां प्रव्रजेत्।
Translation
“At a later time, leaving behind a small or large fortune, leaving behind a small or large circle of relatives, he shaves off his hair and beard, puts on saffron robes, and goes forth from home life into homelessness.”
Sanskrit
स एवं प्रव्रजितः सन् कायेन संवृतो विहरेत्, वाचा संवृतो विहरेत्, मनसा संवृतो विहरेत्, ग्रासाच्छादनपरमतया सन्तुष्टः, अभिरतः प्रविवेके।
Translation
“Having thus gone forth, he would dwell restrained in body, restrained in speech, and restrained in mind, content with the simplest food and shelter, delighting in solitude.”
2.3. Higher Fruits of Recluseship (प्रणीततरश्रामण्यफलम्)
Sanskrit
शक्यं पन, भदन्त, अन्यदपि दृष्ट एव धर्मे सांदृष्टिकं श्रामण्यफलं प्रज्ञापयितुम् एभ्यः सांदृष्टिकेभ्यः श्रामण्यफलेभ्यः अभिक्रान्ततरं च प्रणीततरं च? इति।
Translation
“But, venerable sir, is it possible to point out any other visible fruit of recluseship in this very life that is more excellent and sublime than these visible fruits of recluseship?”
Sanskrit
तं धर्मं शृणोति गृहपतिर्वा गृहपतिपुत्रो वा अन्यतरस्मिन् वा कुले प्रत्याजातः।
स तं धर्मं श्रुत्वा तथागते श्रद्धां प्रतिलभते।
Translation
A householder, or a householder’s son, or one reborn in some other family hears that Dhamma.
Having heard that Dhamma, he gains faith in the Tathagata.
Sanskrit
स तेन श्रद्धाप्रतिलाभेन समन्वागत इति प्रतिसञ्चिन्तयति:
‘सम्बाधो गृहावासो रजःपथः, अभ्रवकाशः प्रव्रज्या।
Translation
Possessing that faith, he reflects:
‘Household life is crowded and dusty; going forth is wide open.
Sanskrit
न इदं सुकरं अगारं अध्यावसद्भिः एकान्तपरिपूर्णं एकान्तपरिशुद्धं शङ्खलिखितं ब्रह्मचर्यं चरितुम्।
यन्नूनाहं केश्मश्रूणि अवतार्य काषायाणि वस्त्राणि आच्छाद्य अगारात् अनगारिकां प्रव्रजेयम्’ इति।
Translation
It is not easy for one living at home to practice the holy life in its all-round fullness, in its all-round purity, like a polished conch shell.
What if I were to shave off my hair and beard, put on saffron robes, and go forth from the household life into homelessness?’
Sanskrit
स अपरेण समयेन अल्पं वा भोगस्कन्धं प्रहाय महान्तं वा भोगस्कन्धं प्रहाय, अल्पं वा ज्ञातिपरिवर्तं प्रहाय महान्तं वा ज्ञातिपरिवर्तं प्रहाय केश्मश्रूणि अवतार्य काषायाणि वस्त्राणि आच्छाद्य अगारात् अनगारिकां प्रव्रजति।
Translation
“At a later time, leaving behind a small or large fortune, leaving behind a small or large circle of relatives, he shaves off his hair and beard, puts on saffron robes, and goes forth from home life into homelessness.”
Sanskrit
स एवं प्रव्रजितः सन् प्रातिमोक्षसंवरसंवृतो विहरति आचारगोचरसम्पन्नः, अणुमात्रेषु वज्र्येषु (दोषेषु) भयदर्शी, समादाय शिक्षते शिक्षापदेषु, कायकर्मवाक्कर्मणा समन्वागतः कुशलेन, परिशुद्धाजीवः शीलसम्पन्नः, इन्द्रियेषु गुप्तद्वारः, स्मृतिसम्प्रजन्येन समन्वागतः, सन्तुष्टः।
Translation
“Having gone forth, he dwells restrained by the rules of the Patimokkha, perfect in conduct and resort, seeing danger in the slightest faults. Training himself in the training rules, endowed with wholesome physical and verbal actions, purified in livelihood, possessed of virtue, guarding the doors of his senses, endowed with mindfulness and clear comprehension, and content.”
2.3.1. Virtue (शीलम्)
2.3.1.1. The Minor Section on Virtue (चूलशीलम् / क्षुद्रशीलम्)
Sanskrit
कथं च, महाराज, भिक्षुः शीलसम्पन्नो भवति?
इह, महाराज, भिक्षुः प्राणातिपातं प्रहाय प्राणातिपातात् प्रतिविरतो भवति।
निहितदण्डो निहितशस्त्रो लज्जी दयापन्नः सर्वप्राणभूतहितानुकम्पी विहरति।
इदमपि अस्य भवति शीले।
Translation
“And how, great king, is a monk possessed of virtue?
Here, great king, a monk, abandoning the destruction of life, abstains from the destruction of life.
With rod and weapon laid aside, conscientious and kindly, he dwells compassionate to all living beings.
This indeed is part of his virtue.”
Sanskrit
अदत्तादानं प्रहाय अदत्तादानात् प्रतिविरतो भवति दत्तादायी दत्तप्रतीक्षी,
अस्तेनेन शुचिभूतेन आत्मना विहरति।
इदमपि अस्य भवति शीले।
Translation
“Abandoning the taking of what is not given, he abstains from taking what is not given.
Taking only what is given, expecting only what is given, he dwells with a self that is honest and pure.
This indeed is part of his virtue.”
Sanskrit
अब्रह्मचर्यं प्रहाय ब्रह्मचारी भवति आराच्चारी विरतो मैथुनात् ग्रामधर्मात्।
इदमपि अस्य भवति शीले।
Translation
“Abandoning unchastity, he lives a celibate life, living apart, abstaining from the vulgar practice of sexual intercourse.
This indeed is part of his virtue.”
Sanskrit
मृषावादं प्रहाय मृषावादात् प्रतिविरतो भवति सत्यवादी सत्यसन्धः स्थेयः प्रत्ययिकः अविवादको लोकस्य।
इदमपि अस्य भवति शीले।
Translation
“Abandoning false speech, he abstains from false speech.
He speaks the truth, is reliable, trustworthy, dependable, and does not deceive the world.
This indeed is part of his virtue.”
Sanskrit
पैशुन्यं वाचं प्रहाय पैशुन्यात् वाचः प्रतिविरतो भवति;
इतः श्रुत्वा न अमुत्र आख्याता एषां भेदाय;
अमुत्र वा श्रुत्वा न इह आख्याता अमूषां भेदाय।
इति भिन्नानां वा सन्धाता, सहितानां वा अनुप्रदाता,
समग्रारामः समग्ररतः समग्रनन्दी समग्रकरणीं वाचं भासिता भवति।
Translation
“Abandoning malicious speech, he abstains from malicious speech.
What he hears here he does not repeat there to cause division;
what he hears there he does not repeat here to cause division.
Thus he reconciles those who are divided, promotes unity,
delights in peace, loves peace, rejoices in peace, and speaks words that promote peace.”
Sanskrit
पारुष्यं वाचं प्रहाय पारुष्यात् वाचः प्रतिविरतो भवति;
या सा वाक् नेला कर्णसुखा प्रेमणीया हृदयङ्गमा पौरी बहुजनकन्ता बहुजनमनापा तथारूपां वाचं भासिता भवति।
Translation
“Abandoning harsh speech, he abstains from harsh speech.
He speaks words that are gentle, pleasing to the ear, loving, going to the heart, polite, polite to many, and pleasant to many.
This indeed is part of his virtue.”
Sanskrit
सम्भिन्नप्रलापं प्रहाय सम्भिन्नप्रलापात् प्रतिविरतो भवति
कालवादी भूतवादी अर्थवादी धर्मवादी विनयवादी,
निधानवतीं वाचं भासिता भवति काले सापदेशं पर्यन्तवतीं अर्थसंहिताम्।
इदमपि अस्य भवति शीले।
Translation
“Abandoning idle chatter, he abstains from idle chatter.
He speaks at the right time, speaks what is fact, speaks what is beneficial, speaks on the Dhamma, speaks on the Vinaya.
He speaks words worth treasuring, seasonable, backed by reason, measured, and connected with the goal.
This indeed is part of his virtue.”
Sanskrit
एकभक्तिको भवति रात्र्युपरतो विरतो विकालभोजनात्।
नृत्यगीतवादितविशूकदर्शनात् प्रतिविरतो भवति।
मालागन्धविलेपनधारणमण्डनविभूषणस्थानेभ्यः प्रतिविरतो भवति।
उच्चाशयनमहाशयनात् प्रतिविरतो भवति।
Translation
“He eats once a day, abstaining from eating at night and outside the proper time.
He abstains from watching shows of dancing, singing, and instrumental music.
He abstains from wearing garlands, using perfumes, and beautifying the body with cosmetics.
He abstains from high and luxurious beds.”
Sanskrit
तुलाकूटकांस्यकूटमानकूटेभ्यः प्रतिविरतो भवति।
उत्कोचनवञ्चननिकृतिसाचियोगात् प्रतिविरतो भवति।
छेदनवधबन्धनविपरामर्शलोपसहसाकारेभ्यः प्रतिविरतो भवति।
इदमपि अस्य भवति शीले।
Translation
“He abstains from cheating with scales, bronze, and measures.
He abstains from bribery, deception, fraud, and crookedness.
He abstains from wounding, killing, binding, highway robbery, plunder, and violence.
This indeed is part of his virtue.”
2.3.1.2. The Medium Section on Virtue (मध्यमशीलम्)
(No excerpt recorded for this section)
2.3.1.3. The Major Section on Virtue (महाशीलम्)
Sanskrit
स खलु स, महाराज, भिक्षुः एवं शीलसम्पन्नो न कुतश्चिद् भयं समनुपश्यति, यदिदं शीलसंवरतः।
Translation
A monk thus possessed of virtue, great king, senses no fear from any quarter, as far as his restraint in virtue is concerned.
Sanskrit
तद्यथापि, महाराज, राजा क्षत्रियो मूर्द्धाभिषिक्तो निहतप्रत्यमित्रो न कुतश्चिद् भयं समनुपश्यति, यदिदं प्रत्यर्थिकतः;
Translation
Just as a head-anointed noble king who has defeated his enemies senses no fear from any quarter, as far as his enemies are concerned;
Sanskrit
एवमेव खलु, महाराज, भिक्षुः एवं शीलसम्पन्नो न कुतश्चिद् भयं समनुपश्यति, यदिदं शीलसंवरतः।
सोऽनेन आर्येण शीलस्कन्धेन समन्वागतोऽध्यात्मम् अनवद्यसुखं प्रतिसंवेदयते।
एवं खलु, महाराज, भिक्षुः शीलसम्पन्नो भवति।
Translation
in the same way, a monk possessed of virtue senses no fear from any quarter, as far as his restraint in virtue is concerned.
Possessed of this noble aggregate of virtue, he experiences within himself a blameless happiness.
This is how a monk is possessed of virtue.
2.3.2. Concentration (समाधिः)
2.3.2.1. Guarding the Sense Doors (इन्द्रियसंवरः)
Sanskrit
कथं च, महाराज, भिक्षुः इन्द्रियेषु गुप्तद्वारो भवति?
Translation
And how, great king, is a monk guarding the doors of his senses?
Sanskrit
इह, महाराज, भिक्षुः चक्षुषा रूपं दृष्ट्वा न निमित्तग्राही भवति न अनुव्यञ्जनग्राही।
यदधिकरणमस्य चक्षुरिन्द्रियम् असंवृतं विहरतः अभिध्यादौर्मनस्याः पापका अकुशला धर्मा अन्वास्रवेयुः, तस्य संवराय प्रतिपद्यते, रक्षति चक्षुरिन्द्रियं, चक्षुरिन्द्रिये संवरम् आपद्यते।
Translation
Here, great king, on seeing a form with the eye, a monk does not grasp at its signs or secondary features.
Since, if he left his eye-faculty unguarded, evil, unwholesome states of covetousness and grief might invade him, he practices for its restraint, guards the eye-faculty, and achieves restraint over the eye-faculty.
Sanskrit
श्रोत्रेण शब्दं श्रुत्वा … घ्राणेन गन्धं घ्रात्वा … जिह्वया रसं स्वादयित्वा … कायेन स्प्रष्टव्यं स्पृष्ट्वा …
Translation
On hearing a sound with the ear… on smelling an odor with the nose… on tasting a taste with the tongue… on touching a tactile object with the body…
Sanskrit
मनसा धर्मं विज्ञाय न निमित्तग्राही भवति न अनुव्यञ्जनग्राही।
यदधिकरणमस्य मनेन्द्रियम् असंवृतं विहरतः अभिध्यादौर्मनस्याः पापका अकुशला धर्मा अन्वास्रवेयुः, तस्य संवराय प्रतिपद्यते, रक्षति मनेन्द्रियं, मनेन्द्रिये संवरम् आपद्यते।
Translation
on cognizing a mental phenomenon with the mind, he does not grasp at its signs or secondary features.
Since, if he left his mind-faculty unguarded, evil, unwholesome states of covetousness and grief might invade him, he practices for its restraint, guards the mind-faculty, and achieves restraint over the mind-faculty.
Sanskrit
सोऽनेन आर्येण इन्द्रियसंवरण समन्वागतोऽध्यात्मम् अव्यासेकसुखं प्रतिसंवेदयते।
एवं खलु, महाराज, भिक्षुः इन्द्रियेषु गुप्तद्वारो भवति।
Translation
Endowed with this noble restraint of the senses, he experiences within himself a pure, unblemished happiness.
This is how a monk guards the doors of his senses.
2.3.2.2. Mindfulness and Clear Comprehension (स्मृतिसम्प्रजन्यम्)
Sanskrit
कथं च, महाराज, भिक्षुः स्मृतिसम्प्रजन्येन समन्वागतो भवति?
Translation
And how, great king, is a monk endowed with mindfulness and clear comprehension?
Sanskrit
इह, महाराज, भिक्षुः अभिक्रान्ते प्रतिक्रान्ते सम्प्रजन्यकारी भवति,
आलोकिते विलोकिते सम्प्रजन्यकारी भवति,
समीञ्जिते प्रसारिते सम्प्रजन्यकारी भवति,
सङ्घाटिपात्रचीवरधारणे सम्प्रजन्यकारी भवति,
Translation
Here, great king, a monk acts with clear comprehension when going forward and returning;
when looking ahead and looking aside;
when bending and stretching his limbs;
when wearing his robes and carrying his outer robe and bowl;
Sanskrit
अशिते पीते खादिते स्वादिते सम्प्रजन्यकारी भवति,
उच्चारप्रस्रावकर्मणि सम्प्रजन्यकारी भवति,
गते स्थिते निषण्णे सुप्ते जागरिते भाषिते तूष्णीम्भावे सम्प्रजन्यकारी भवति।
एवं खलु, महाराज, भिक्षुः स्मृतिसम्प्रजन्येन समन्वागतो भवति।
Translation
when eating, drinking, chewing, and tasting;
when defecating and urinating;
when walking, standing, sitting, falling asleep, waking up, speaking, and keeping silent.
This is how a monk is endowed with mindfulness and clear comprehension.
2.3.2.3. Contentment (सन्तोषः)
Sanskrit
कथं च, महाराज, भिक्षुः सन्तुष्टो भवति?
Translation
And how, great king, is a monk content?
Sanskrit
इह, महाराज, भिक्षुः सन्तुष्टो भवति कायपरिहारिकेण चीवरेण, कुक्षिपरिहारिकेण पिण्डपातेन।
स येन येनैव प्रक्रमति, समादायैव प्रक्रमति।
Translation
Here, great king, a monk is content with robes to protect his body and almsfood to sustain his stomach.
Wherever he goes, he takes only his bare requisites with him.
Sanskrit
तद्यथापि, महाराज, पक्षी शकुनः येन येनैव डीयते (उड्डयते), सपक्षभार एव डीयते;
Translation
Just as a winged bird, wherever it flies, flies with only the burden of its wings;
Sanskrit
एवमेव खलु, महाराज, भिक्षुः सन्तुष्टो भवति कायपरिहारिकेण चीवरेण, कुक्षिपरिहारिकेण पिण्डपातेन।
स येन येनैव प्रक्रमति, समादायैव प्रक्रमति।
एवं खलु, महाराज, भिक्षुः सन्तुष्टो भवति।
Translation
in the same way, a monk is content with robes to protect his body and almsfood to sustain his stomach.
Wherever he goes, he takes only his bare requisites with him.
This is how a monk is content.
2.3.2.4. Abandoning the Hindrances (नीवरणप्रहाणम्)
Sanskrit
स अनेन च आर्येण शीलस्कन्धेन समन्वागतः, अनेन च आर्येण इन्द्रियसंवरण समन्वागतः, अनेन च आर्येण स्मृतिसम्प्रजन्येन समन्वागतः, अनया च आर्याया सन्तुष्ट्या समन्वागतः, विविक्तं शयनासनं भजते अरण्यं वृक्षमूलं पर्वतं कन्दरं गिरिगुहां श्मशानं वनप्रस्थम् अभ्रवकाशं पलालपुञ्जम्।
Translation
Possessing this noble aggregate of virtue, this noble restraint of the senses, this noble mindfulness and clear comprehension, and this noble contentment, he seeks out a secluded dwelling: a forest, the foot of a tree, a mountain, a glen, a hillside cave, a cemetery, a jungle grove, the open air, a heap of straw.
Sanskrit
स पश्चाद्भक्तं पिण्डपातप्रतिक्रान्तः निषीदति पर्यङ्कम् आभुज्य ऋजुं कायं प्रणिधाय अभिमुखं स्मृतिम् उपस्थाप्य।
Translation
Having returned from his almsround, after his meal, he sits down, folding his legs crosswise, holding his body erect, and establishing mindfulness before him.
Sanskrit
स अभिध्यां लोके प्रहाय विगताभिध्येन चेतसा विहरति, अभिध्यायाः चित्तं परिशोधयति।
Translation
Abandoning covetousness for the world, he dwells with a mind free from covetousness; he purifies his mind from covetousness.
Sanskrit
व्यापादप्रदोषं प्रहाय अव्यापन्नचित्तो विहरति सर्वप्राणभूतहितानुकम्पी, व्यापादप्रदोषात् चित्तं परिशोधयति।
Translation
Abandoning ill-will and anger, he dwells with a mind free from ill-will, sympathetic to the welfare of all living beings; he purifies his mind from ill-will and anger.
Sanskrit
स्त्यानमिद्धं प्रहाय विगतस्त्यानमिद्धो विहरति आलोकसंज्ञी, स्मृतः सम्प्रजानः, स्त्यानमिद्धात् चित्तं परिशोधयति।
Translation
Abandoning dullness and drowsiness, he dwells free from dullness and drowsiness, mindful, clearly comprehending, perceiving light; he purifies his mind from dullness and drowsiness.
Sanskrit
औद्धत्यकौकृत्यं प्रहाय अनौद्धतो विहरति, अध्यात्मं व्युपशान्तचित्तः, औद्धत्यकौकृत्यात् चित्तं परिशोधयति।
Translation
Abandoning restlessness and worry, he dwells undisturbed, with a mind quieted within; he purifies his mind from restlessness and worry.
Sanskrit
विचिकित्सां प्रहाय तीर्णविचिकित्सो विहरति, अकथंकथी कुशलेषु धर्मेषु, विचिकित्सायाः चित्तं परिशोधयति।
Translation
Abandoning doubt, he dwells having crossed over doubt, free from hesitation regarding wholesome states; he purifies his mind from doubt.
Sanskrit
तद्यथापि, महाराज, पुरुषः ऋणम् आदाय कर्मान्तान् प्रयोजयेत्। तस्य ते कर्मान्ताः समृध्येयुः।
स यानि च पुराणानि ऋणमूलानि, तानि च व्यन्तीकुर्यात्, स्याच्चास्य उत्तरि अवशिष्टं दारभरणाया।
Translation
Suppose, great king, a man were to take a loan and start a business. His business succeeds, and he pays off his old debts, with enough money left over to support his family (wife).
Sanskrit
तस्यैवमस्यात्: ‘अहं खलु पूर्वे ऋणम् आदाय कर्मान्तान् प्रयोजयिषम्। तस्य मे ते कर्मान्ताः समृद्धयिषत।
सोऽहं यानि च पुराणानि ऋणमूलानि, तानि च व्यन्तीमकार्षम्, अस्ति च मे उत्तरि अवशिष्टं दारभरणाया’ इति।
स ततोनिदानं लभेत प्रामोद्यं, अधिगच्छेत् सौमनस्यम्।
Translation
He would reflect on this: ‘Previously, I took a loan and started a business. My business has succeeded, I have paid off my old debts, and I have money left over to support my family.‘
As a result of that, he would gain joy and experience happiness.
Sanskrit
तद्यथापि, महाराज, पुरुषः आबाधिकः स्यात् दुःखितः बाढग्लानः;
भक्तं चास्य न आच्छादयेत्, न चास्य काये बलमात्रा।
स अपरेण समयेन तस्माद् आबाधान् मुच्येत; भक्तं चास्य आच्छादयेत्, स्याच्चास्य काये बलमात्रा।
Translation
Suppose, great king, a man were sick, suffering, gravely ill; his food would not agree with him, and there was no strength in his body.
At a later time, he recovers from that illness; his food agrees with him, and there is strength in his body.
Sanskrit
तस्यैवमस्यात्: ‘अहं खलु पूर्वे आबाधिकः आसम् दुःखितः बाढग्लानः;
भक्तं च मे न आच्छादयत्, न च मे आसीत् काये बलमात्रा।
सोऽहम् एतर्हि तस्माद् आबाधान् मुक्तः; भक्तं च मे आच्छादयति, अस्ति च मे काये बलमात्रा’ इति।
स ततोनिदानं लभेत प्रामोद्यं, अधिगच्छेत् सौमनस्यम्।
Translation
He would reflect on this: ‘Previously, I was sick, suffering, gravely ill; my food did not agree with me, and there was no strength in my body.
Now I am recovered from that illness; my food agrees with me, and there is strength in my body.‘
As a result of that, he would gain joy and experience happiness.
Sanskrit
तद्यथापि, महाराज, पुरुषः बन्धनागारे बद्धः स्यात्।
स अपरेण समयेन तस्मात् बन्धनागारात् मुच्येत स्वस्तिना अभयेन, न चास्य किञ्चिद् भोगानां व्ययः।
Translation
Suppose, great king, a man were imprisoned in a prison-house.
At a later time, he is released from that prison-house, safe and sound, with none of his property lost.
Sanskrit
तस्यैवमस्यात्: ‘अहं खलु पूर्वे बन्धनागारे बद्धः आसम्, सोऽहम् एतर्हि तस्मात् बन्धनागारात् मुक्तः स्वस्तिना अभयेन।
नास्ति च मे किञ्चिद् भोगानां व्ययः’ इति। स ततोनिदानं लभेत प्रामोद्यं, अधिगच्छेत् सौमनस्यम्।
Translation
He would reflect on this: ‘Previously, I was imprisoned in a prison-house.
Now I am released from that prison-house, safe and sound, with none of my property lost.‘
As a result of that, he would gain joy and experience happiness.
Sanskrit
तद्यथापि, महाराज, पुरुषः दासः स्यात् अनन्ताधीनः पराधीनः न कामङ्गमः (स्वेच्छाचारी)।
स अपरेण समयेन तस्मात् दासत्वात् मुच्येत स्वाधीनः अपराधीनः भुजिष्यः (स्वतन्त्रः) कामङ्गमः।
Translation
Suppose, great king, a man were a slave, not self-governing, dependent on others, unable to go where he wants.
At a later time, he is released from that slavery, self-governing, independent of others, a free man, able to go where he wants.
Sanskrit
तस्यैवमस्यात्: ‘अहं खलु पूर्वे दासः आसम् अनन्ताधीनः पराधीनः न कामङ्गमः।
सोऽहम् एतर्हि तस्मात् दासत्वात् मुक्तः स्वाधीनः अपराधीनः भुजिष्यः कामङ्गमः’ इति।
स ततोनिदानं लभेत प्रामोद्यं, अधिगच्छेत् सौमनस्यम्।
Translation
He would reflect on this: ‘Previously, I was a slave, not self-governing, dependent on others, unable to go where I want.
Now I am released from that slavery, self-governing, independent of others, a free man, able to go where I want.‘
As a result of that, he would gain joy and experience happiness.
Sanskrit
तद्यथापि, महाराज, पुरुषः सधनः सभोगः कान्ताराध्वमार्गं प्रतिपद्येत दुर्भिक्षं सप्रतिभयम्।
स अपरेण समयेन तं कान्तारं निस्तरेत् स्वस्तिना, ग्रामान्तम् अनुप्राप्नुयात् क्षेमम् अप्रतिभयम्।
Translation
Suppose, great king, a wealthy and prosperous man were traveling along a road through a wilderness, where food is scarce and danger abounds.
At a later time, he crosses over that wilderness safely, reaching the safety of a village, free from danger.
Sanskrit
तस्यैवमस्यात्: ‘अहं खलु पूर्वे सधनः सभोगः कान्ताराध्वमार्गं प्रतिपद्ये दुर्भिक्षं सप्रतिभयम्।
सोऽहम् एतर्हि तं कान्तारं निस्तीर्णः स्वस्तिना, ग्रामान्तम् अनुप्राप्तः क्षेमम् अप्रतिभयम्’ इति।
स ततोनिदानं लभेत प्रामोद्यं, अधिगच्छेत् सौमनस्यम्।
Translation
He would reflect on this: ‘Previously, I was traveling along a road through a wilderness, where food is scarce and danger abounds.
Now I have crossed over that wilderness safely, reaching the safety of a village, free from danger.‘
As a result of that, he would gain joy and experience happiness.
Sanskrit
एवमेव खलु, महाराज, भिक्षुः यथा ऋणं यथा रोगं यथा बन्धनागारं यथा दासत्वं यथा कान्ताराध्वमार्गं,
एवम् इमान् पञ्च नीवरणान् अप्रहीणान् आत्मनि समनुपश्यति।
Translation
In the same way, great king, when these five hindrances are unabandoned in himself, a monk regards them as a debt, a sickness, a prison, slavery, and a wilderness journey.
Sanskrit
तद्यथापि, महाराज, यथा आनृण्यं यथा आरोग्यं यथा बन्धनान्मोक्षं यथा भुजिष्यत्वं (स्वतन्त्रत्वं) यथा क्षेमभूमिम्;
एवमेव खलु, महाराज, भिक्षुः इमान् पञ्च नीवरणान् प्रहीणान् आत्मनि समनुपश्यति।
Translation
But, great king, when these five hindrances are abandoned in himself, a monk regards it as freedom from debt, good health, release from prison, freedom from slavery, and a place of safety.
Sanskrit
तस्य इमान् पञ्च नीवरणान् प्रहीणान् आत्मनि समनुपश्यतः प्रामोद्यं जायते, प्रमुदितस्य प्रीतिर्जायते,
Translation
When he sees that these five hindrances have been abandoned in himself, gladness arises in him. When he is glad, rapture arises in him.
Sanskrit
प्रीतिमनसः कायः प्रश्रम्भति (शान्तो भवति), प्रश्रब्धकायः सुखं वेदयते, सुखिनः चित्तं समाधीयते।
Translation
When his mind is rapturous, his body becomes tranquil. Possessing a tranquil body, he experiences happiness. For one who is happy, the mind becomes concentrated.